Step 1: Mix the dry ingredients
In a large bowl, whisk together the cornmeal, flour, baking powder, salt, and sugar (if using).

Step 2: Add the wet ingredients
Stir in the egg, buttermilk, and melted butter until just combined. The batter should be thick but pourable—similar to pancake batter. Add a splash more buttermilk if it’s too thick.

Step 3: Heat the skillet
Place your cast iron skillet over medium heat. Add 1–2 tablespoons of oil or shortening and let it heat until shimmering.

Step 4: Cook the hoecakes
Spoon 2–3 tablespoons of batter into the skillet per hoecake. Gently flatten with the back of the spoon. Cook for 2–3 minutes on each side or until golden brown and crisp. Adjust heat as needed to avoid burning.

Step 5: Drain and serve
Transfer cooked hoecakes to a paper towel-lined plate. Repeat with remaining batter, adding oil as needed.